Answers
1)Presence of plasma cell (blue cytoplasm, eccentric nucleus & perinuclear halo zone)
2)Multiple myeloma
3)Investigation to confirm the diagnosis
-Serum protein electrophoresis
-Bone marrow biopsy
-Others; Bence Jones protein, Serum / urine immunoelectrophoresis, β2 microglobinuria
Notes:
Multiple myeloma is a debilitating malignancy that is part of a spectrum of diseases ranging from monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) to plasma cell leukemia. First described in 1848, multiple myeloma is a disease characterized by a proliferation of malignant plasma cells and a subsequent overabundance of monoclonal paraprotein. An intriguing feature of multiple myeloma is that the antibody-forming cells (ie, plasma cells) are malignant and, therefore, may cause unusual manifestations.[Sara J Grethlein & Lilian M Thomas, eMedicine]
The presentation of multiple myeloma can range from asymptomatic to severely symptomatic with complications requiring emergent treatment. Systemic ailments include bleeding, infection and renal failure; local catastrophes include pathologic fractures and spinal cord compression. Although patients benefit from treatment (ie, longer life, less pain, fewer complications), currently no cure exists. Recent advances in therapy have helped to lessen the occurrence and severity of adverse effects of multiple myeloma.[Sara J Grethlein & Lilian M Thomas, eMedicine]
1)Presence of plasma cell (blue cytoplasm, eccentric nucleus & perinuclear halo zone)
2)Multiple myeloma
3)Investigation to confirm the diagnosis
-Serum protein electrophoresis
-Bone marrow biopsy
-Others; Bence Jones protein, Serum / urine immunoelectrophoresis, β2 microglobinuria
Notes:
Multiple myeloma is a debilitating malignancy that is part of a spectrum of diseases ranging from monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) to plasma cell leukemia. First described in 1848, multiple myeloma is a disease characterized by a proliferation of malignant plasma cells and a subsequent overabundance of monoclonal paraprotein. An intriguing feature of multiple myeloma is that the antibody-forming cells (ie, plasma cells) are malignant and, therefore, may cause unusual manifestations.[Sara J Grethlein & Lilian M Thomas, eMedicine]
The presentation of multiple myeloma can range from asymptomatic to severely symptomatic with complications requiring emergent treatment. Systemic ailments include bleeding, infection and renal failure; local catastrophes include pathologic fractures and spinal cord compression. Although patients benefit from treatment (ie, longer life, less pain, fewer complications), currently no cure exists. Recent advances in therapy have helped to lessen the occurrence and severity of adverse effects of multiple myeloma.[Sara J Grethlein & Lilian M Thomas, eMedicine]